Preventive Screening & Immunization Guide

This page provides general information about recommended preventive health screenings and routine immunizations for adults. Recommendations may vary based on age, sex, medical history, family history, and risk factors.

Your primary care provider will determine which screenings and vaccines are appropriate for you.

Important Note

The information below is intended as a general guide only and does not replace individualized medical advice. Screening schedules and immunization timing may change over time or differ based on personal health needs.

Adult Preventive Health Screenings

Blood Pressure

  • At least every 1–2 years

  • More often if elevated or if risk factors are present

Cholesterol (Lipid Screening)

  • Typically every 5 years

  • May be done more frequently if:

    • Cardiovascular risk factors are present

    • On cholesterol-lowering medication

Diabetes Screening

  • Typically every 3 years starting at age 40

  • Earlier or more frequent screening if:

    • Overweight or obese

    • Family history of diabetes

    • History of gestational diabetes

Cervical Cancer Screening (Pap Test)

  • Generally every 3 years

  • Starting at age 25

  • Ending at age 69

  • Timing may vary based on prior results and provincial guidelines

Breast Cancer Screening (Mammography)

  • Ages 40–49: Discuss individual risks and benefits with your provider

  • Ages 50–74: Every 2–3 years

  • Self-referral is available through the provincial Breast Screening Program

Colon Cancer Screening

  • Ages 50–74

  • Stool-based screening every 2 years

  • Earlier or more frequent screening if:

    • Family history of colorectal cancer

    • Symptoms or increased risk factors

Prostate Health

  • Prostate screening is individualized

  • PSA testing is not routine for everyone

  • Discuss risks and benefits with your provider

Bone Health (DEXA Scan)

  • Typically considered at:

    • Age 65+

    • Earlier if risk factors for osteoporosis are present

Routine Adult Immunizations

Tetanus / Diphtheria / Pertussis (Td or Tdap)

  • Booster every 10 years

  • One adult dose should include pertussis (Tdap)

Influenza (Flu Vaccine)

  • Annually

  • Recommended for all adults, especially those with chronic conditions

COVID-19

  • Recommended according to current public health guidance

  • Booster timing varies by age and risk factors

Shingles (Herpes Zoster)

  • Recommended for adults 50 years and older

  • Two-dose vaccine series

  • Not publicly funded in all cases

Pneumococcal Vaccine

  • Recommended for:

    • Adults 65 years and older

    • Younger adults with certain chronic conditions

HPV Vaccine

  • Recommended up to age 26

  • May be considered up to age 45 based on individual circumstances

Pregnancy & Special Situations

Some vaccines and screenings are recommended:

  • During pregnancy

  • For individuals with chronic medical conditions

  • For those with immune compromise

  • For travel or occupational exposure

Your provider will advise if additional screening or immunizations are appropriate.

How to Stay Up to Date

To help ensure timely preventive care:

  • Attend routine appointments

  • Book follow-up visits as recommended

  • Keep your immunization record current

  • Ask your provider if you are unsure whether a screening is due

Questions About Screening or Vaccines?

If you have questions about preventive care:

  • Discuss them during your appointment

  • Book a visit specifically to review preventive health needs

  • Avoid relying solely on online timelines for medical decisions